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So, I've had a lot of people ask me lately, "So, Jarred, what is Buddhism? Whats it all about? Like, its main principles."
I end up just being a scrambled mess trying to tell them. "Well, theres the four noble truths and the eightfold path. Its like... well, its sort of... erm... well, its like a list of guidelines, and then theres emptiness too. Thats important, along with not-self. Emptiness is... Its sort of like everything is connected, a chain reaction, per se, but its hard to explain. Hmm... Ya know.. just... aaah......"
So, this has happened to me A LOT. I'm just thinking of saying, "THIS is Buddhism. This is the Buddhist practice. Right now, this very moment - yeah, this is Buddhism," and leaving it at that. Or, what would you say?
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Buddhism is about compassion. It gives us a method and specific techniques for becoming better people, so we can be more effective at helping others.
Information overload isn't helpful to people. Start simple and basic. The only time I've ever been asked about Buddhism was by Muslims, and the above is what I told them. Interestingly, that was all they needed to really get thinking. This little bit impressed them. They decided Buddhism was ok. If the people you talk to ask questions after you tell them the above, then you can talk about the 4 Nobles, and developing non-attachment as a way to avoid suffering. That should be enough to stimulate some thought. (Or to convince them that stealing your stuff is ok, because your unattached to it. ) You can give 'em some precepts, so they can see Buddhism has some similar values to Christianity: refrain from stealing, lying, intoxication, killing anything at all, etc. Avoid complicated, sophisticated concepts.
Maybe instead of explaining what each aspect of it is, just list the top few aspects without elaborating. So maybe just say what the four noble truths are (accurately, without saying things like "life is suffering" or something which can be easily misinterpreted) and how the 8FP is the path to cessation of stress/unsatisfaction.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dukkha
"...a Pali term roughly corresponding to a number of terms in English including suffering, pain, discontent, unsatisfactoriness, unhappiness, sorrow, affliction, anxiety, dissatisfaction, discomfort, anguish, stress, misery, and frustration."
The Buddha approaches the problem of mental stress and suffering like a doctor, formulating the four noble truths in the same way that ancient Indian physicians formulated medical diagnoses, i.e., disease (suffering), cause (craving), prognosis (a cure/cessation of craving is possible) and treatment (the noble eightfold path).
While it may sounds overly simplistic, the basic premise of the path can be summed up by this short passage from the Dhammapada: Ultimately, every teaching in Buddhism is a tool to be used in the pursuit of happiness, and the majority of them focus on our actions and intentions because that's where the really work of moral and spiritual purification takes place (e.g., MN 61).
"the path for true joy (nirvana)"
That's how I'd sum it up.