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rituals in Buddhism

VincenziVincenzi Veteran
edited March 2011 in Buddhism Today
one of the fetters is "attachment to rites and rituals".
rituals are not an important part of some buddhists' practice, and as far as I know there's no ritual described in the sutras.

what do you think is the role of rituals in Buddhism? should we formalize a "no ritual" practice?
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Comments

  • Vincenzi,

    Attachment to anything leads to suffering. Attachment to meditation and dharma teachings included. Bows or common exchange currency in the form of language also needs to be used skillfully rather than attached to.

    The fact that a ritual is practiced need not be a deal breaker due to the fetters. The only necessity is not to get attached. Both meditation and 'props' rituals and gestures can be used skillfully but with an effort not to become attached.
  • What Jeffrey said. It's not the rites and rituals, it's the attachment to them. Rites and rituals can help people focus in situations in which they may not be able to otherwise. Historically, the Buddha was talking about the rites and rituals practiced during his time.
  • CloudCloud Veteran
    I think the un-fettering part is realizing that rites & rituals are not an end of themselves in achieving/attaining/whatever enlightenment.
  • Weren't rituals explicitly forbidden? Well, as 'forbidden' as things get in Buddhism anyway. I don't have the source off the top of my head, but I am certain it was in a sutra somewhere.
  • "3. Silabbata Paramasa means "adherence to wrongful rites, rituals and ceremonies"...in the mistaken belief that purification can be achieved simply by their performance. Examples are the extreme ascetic practices condemned by the Buddha. Also at that time, the Brahmins had developed very complicated rituals which only they could carry out and which meant that the rest of the population had to ask the Brahmins for perform all the religious ceremonies on their behalf. "Oneself is one's own master. Who else can be the master?" (Dhp. v. 160).

    The Buddha said that neither the repetition of holy scriptures, nor self-torture, nor sleeping on the ground, nor the repetition of prayers, penances, hymns, charms, mantras, incantations and invocations can bring us the real happiness of Nirvana.[3] Instead the Buddha emphasized the importance of making individual effort in order to achieve our spiritual goals. He likened it to a man wanting to cross a river; sitting down and praying will not suffice, but he must make the effort to build a raft or a bridge."

    http://sped2work.tripod.com/fetters.html
  • seeker242seeker242 Zen Florida, USA Veteran
    one of the fetters is "attachment to rites and rituals".
    rituals are not an important part of some buddhists' practice, and as far as I know there's no ritual described in the sutras.

    what do you think is the role of rituals in Buddhism? should we formalize a "no ritual" practice?
    Personally I think that if there is truly no attachment to rituals, then this would also mean there is no aversion to traditional rituals. Since, aversion is the flip side of attachment. If there is no aversion to rituals, then what need would there be to make a no ritual practice?

  • one of the fetters is "attachment to rites and rituals".
    rituals are not an important part of some buddhists' practice, and as far as I know there's no ritual described in the sutras.

    what do you think is the role of rituals in Buddhism? should we formalize a "no ritual" practice?
    We? We who?

  • Weren't rituals explicitly forbidden? Well, as 'forbidden' as things get in Buddhism anyway. I don't have the source off the top of my head, but I am certain it was in a sutra somewhere.
    You can say that the act of getting ready to meditate, to the meditation proper, to ending the meditation session are all rituals.

  • There is a formula for taking refuge. Could taking refuge with a master be considered a ritual? When I took refuge with a master there was a specified way. Is this a ritual?
  • one of the fetters is "attachment to rites and rituals".
    rituals are not an important part of some buddhists' practice, and as far as I know there's no ritual described in the sutras.

    what do you think is the role of rituals in Buddhism? should we formalize a "no ritual" practice?
    We? We who?

    buddhists
  • one of the fetters is "attachment to rites and rituals".
    rituals are not an important part of some buddhists' practice, and as far as I know there's no ritual described in the sutras.

    what do you think is the role of rituals in Buddhism? should we formalize a "no ritual" practice?
    We? We who?

    buddhists
    Which Buddhists? There are a lot of different schools in the world.

    Even in the Zen Monastery I went to, they chanted the Heart Sutra before beginning quiet sitting.
  • CloudCloud Veteran
    What's funny is that some of the fetters are things that unless you actually do get caught up in them, they're never a fetter for you. Rites & Rituals is/was never a fetter for me, that's for sure. ;)
  • DakiniDakini Veteran
    edited March 2011
    "3. Silabbata Paramasa means "adherence to wrongful rites, rituals and ceremonies"...in the mistaken belief that purification can be achieved simply by their performance. Also at that time, the Brahmins had developed very complicated rituals which only they could carry out and which meant that the rest of the population had to ask the Brahmins for perform all the religious ceremonies on their behalf. "Oneself is one's own master. Who else can be the master?" (Dhp. v. 160).

    The Buddha said that neither the repetition of holy scriptures, nor the repetition of prayers, penances, hymns, charms, mantras, incantations and invocations can bring us the real happiness of Nirvana.[3]
    The thing is, in TB one is encouraged to have faith that purification can be achieved simply by performing the rituals, and that repetition of prayers, charms (mantras) and invocations can have a strong psychological effect, including inducing an enlightened state if practiced with sincere devotion. It's said that merely glimpsing the black hat of the Karmapa can bring the devoted to enlightenment. I didn't realize all of this was not considered kosher by the Buddha. The Brahmins' rituals sound a lot like those of TB, where "specialists" (lamas) perform rituals on behalf of the populace. So...does TB result in strengthening of this particular fetter? Now what? :-/
  • What's funny is that some of the fetters are things that unless you actually do get caught up in them, they're never a fetter for you. Rites & Rituals is/was never a fetter for me, that's for sure. ;)
    it wasn't a fetter for some... but for example, it is for all "practicing" christians.
  • (...)

    The thing is, in TB one is encouraged to have faith that purification can be achieved simply by performing the rituals, and that repetition of prayers, charms (mantras) and invocations can have a strong psychological effect, including inducing an enlightened state if practiced with sincere devotion. It's said that merely glimpsing the black hat of the Karmapa can bring the devoted to enlightenment. I didn't realize all of this was not considered kosher by the Buddha. The Brahmins' rituals sound a lot like those of TB, where "specialists" (lamas) perform rituals on behalf of the populace. So...does TB result in strengthening of this particular fetter? Now what? :-/
    indeed, vajrayana strenghtens the particular fetter... as does "devotional buddhism".
  • Some rituals are helpful.
    For eg, walking silently in a line when partaking food.
    When you have a group of people, you have to decide what
    you want them to do eg at meditation retreat.
    Some people like it, they dont know how to behave in the temple.
    I agree that rituals are just a tool, not critical.
  • Just do what YOU believe will be good for you and let the rest of us be :)
  • Eeeek, I wasn't sure what a fetter was and did a google search!

    In answer to Vincenzi's original question, I don't think it's appropriate to formalise having no rituals. However, IMO, I think rites and rituals are artefacts of a human clinging to perform such things. Some may find them useful in achieving a certain mind-state though. I myself just feel silly chanting in a language that I am unfamiliar with or paying homage to a symbol or icon. This is the reason why I consider myself to be a non-religious Buddhist. Saying that, I have a small Buddha statue in my house and that reminds me of the precepts and the eight fold path that I attempt to adhere too.......maybe a slight contradiction.



  • ...I think rituals weren't part of Buddhism, and it is arguable the place they have.
  • Remember the Pali canon only applies to Therevadan buddhism and as you can see in this thread others have more liberal interpretations even of the Pali canon.
  • "Central components of Theravada rituals are preaching and chanting by monastics and giving offerings by laypersons. Rituals include the fortnightly uposatha observance, annual holidays such as Vesakha, and occasional rituals such as funerals and rites for the dead."

    http://www.patheos.com/Library/Theravada-Buddhism.html
  • isn't the Pali Tripitaka recognized by all buddhist schools?
  • Do you think they just didn't read it? And that they have all those rituals? :)
  • Do you think they just didn't read it? And that they have all those rituals? :)
    I have never read any ritual in the sutras... but maybe that's because I focus on the Sutra Pitaka.
    I think most rituals are local traditions that emerged after Buddhism spread.
  • Well then either they do not abide by the tipitaka or they didn't read it. There are excellent scholars in all traditions; do you think that they did not read about the ten fetters or do you think that is only local to Theravada?

    I doubt that it is a lack of scholarship!
  • I think there have being distortions with the practice of the Dharma... like "devotional buddhism", and any school that puts too much emphasis on rituals.
  • JeffreyJeffrey Veteran
    edited March 2011
    Ok I got that but your question referred to 'we' whereas not all buddhists abide by the Tipitaka. Or at least they don't interpret it as you do... you did read about all the Theravadan holidays, correct? And chanting.

    Also you should be saying Dhamma if you are Therevadan :)
  • CloudCloud Veteran
    edited March 2011
    @Jeffrey, I don't think you have to, or even "should be". If you're a monk it would be advisable, otherwise the other monks and/or your teacher might take issue, but as a lay Buddhist we should use whatever feels comfortable to us. I use "dharma", though I don't consider myself either Theravada or Mahayana (or Vajrayana) simply because the Sanskrit spellings are more common, thus more easily recognizable and known to a greater number of people. For instance if you say "kamma" to someone not familiar with Pali, they have no idea you're talking about "karma", which is a word even non-Buddhists have heard.

    So at some point in time I had to decide which spellings to go with, not being associated with any school, and I chose the ones the greatest number of people use and would recognize. Even if I associated with Theravada, I think I'd use the Sanskrit anyway!
  • How do you define a ritual? The shaving of a monks head is
    also a ritual.
    Its good to question but dont throw the baby out with the bath water.
  • There are rituals everywhere.
    How many of you will refuse the rituals of a wedding or college graduation?
  • All in all I don't think this is about rituals. In my perception Vince, you are frustrated that not all buddhism you are comfortable with. In zen they say buddha is shit on a stick. How does that go with you?

    Really if you are going to take a piss on other traditions make sure the wind isn't blowing back at you :angry:
  • hermitwin, not all ceremonies include rituals. In this case, I think we're talking about religious rituals.

    If you need a full definition that would be a religious occasion to show respect for an event/achievement/anniversary in accordance to convention which would include a series of actions performed according to a prescribed order.
  • All in all I don't think this is about rituals. In my perception Vince, you are frustrated that not all buddhism you are comfortable with. In zen they say buddha is shit on a stick. How does that go with you?

    Really if you are going to take a piss on other traditions make sure the wind isn't blowing back at you :angry:
    Amen to that.

  • CloudCloud Veteran
    There's nothing inherently wrong with rituals, except when you get stuck on them thinking they are the means to enlightenment. That's the fetter part. Otherwise, ritual is a part of pretty much every human tradition.
  • edited March 2011
    The third of the Ten Fetters taught by Lord Buddha was attachment to rites and rituals.

    My view is that I don't need them in order to understand or practice the Dharma.

    I'm not keen on any kind of religious ritual - Buddhist or otherwise.
    .
  • edited March 2011
    I'm pretty sure all of Mahayana recognizes the Tripitika as foundational teachings. I think rituals come into Buddhism through the different cultures to which it has adapted. It's possible that contradictions arise from cultural influences. I think it's a good question that's worth researching and discussing, rather than getting upset about. If a good analytical discussion upsets you, maybe that's a sign of attachment of some sort. One of our members is going to see the Dalai Lama sometime soon at one of his lectures. This would be a great question to put to him. WIsh I could be there! :)

    P.S. Vincenzi--let's stick mainly to your "what do you think is the role of rituals in Buddhism" question, and leave the last part, about formalizing a no-rituals rule, since that seems to be the part that's upsetting people. ;) I've already learned a lot here about ritual being a fetter. We don't discuss fetters in Vajrayana, so I'm finding this interesting. Thank you for a good topic, Vincenzi.
  • How do you define a ritual? The shaving of a monks head is
    also a ritual.
    Its good to question but dont throw the baby out with the bath water.
    that's a tradition, or a practice. rituals have more to do with "buying heaven"; like the "transfer of merit" and other strange ideas that are supposedly buddhist.
  • All in all I don't think this is about rituals. In my perception Vince, you are frustrated that not all buddhism you are comfortable with. In zen they say buddha is shit on a stick. How does that go with you?

    Really if you are going to take a piss on other traditions make sure the wind isn't blowing back at you :angry:
    I will call that missing the point.

    I tought the fetters were part of all schools.
  • "I tought the fetters were part of all schools."

    Can you back this up with a source? Where did you hear that?
  • He may have assumed it, that's why he said "I thought", not "The fetters are...". And FYI, Vincenzi said on a different thread that he's studied Zen, and that the Buddhism he practices incorporates elements from a few different traditions. I think that's interesting. But I think discussion of the fetters is confined to Theravadan. I could be wrong, but I've never heard the term "fetter" until I joined this forum.
  • ...what's weird is that non-returner (anagami) is mentioned in the Pali Tripitaka.

    but as it becomes more apparent, Buddhism is very diverse.
  • JeffreyJeffrey Veteran
    edited March 2011
    I guess I get defensive when rituals are seen as negative.. Having done some prostrations this morning for the first time, I am just getting into them. They (prostrations) reminded me of my connection to the dharma.

    Vince and everyone, I think despite good intentions we really cannot control how others will practice. I was confused in this discussion if it was about 'rituals should not be used for reason x y and z'. That would be interesting. Or if it was 'whoa I am confused why are they doing rituals if that would reinforce the fetters?'.

    So I think if we clarify what we are talking about it will clear out some defensiveness and let the people interested in whatever is being discussed gravitate. What do you think?
  • A handshake is also a ritual.
    The problem arise when rituals become the main focus.
    It works for some people. Not everyone likes reading books & meditation.
    A simple bow is how people greet each other in East asia.
  • @Jeffrey

    it is more about the latter:
    "why are they are doing rituals if that would reinforce the fetters"
  • @hermitwin

    handshakes are not rituals, they are costumes or traditions.
    by rituals I guess the fetter refers mostly to religious rituals.
  • becos not everyone agree a bow to the statue of buddha is a fetter.
    Muslims say that having a statue of Buddha is idol worship.
    Do you agree?
  • what is to you a religious ritual may well be custom or tradition to another person.
  • Muslims say that having a statue of Buddha is idol worship.Do you agree?
    Is having a cross with the figure of Jesus on it idol worship?
  • @Vincenzi:

    Yes, for some people they are fetters.

    For other people they are means to an end and have significance although the people involved are not attached to them.

    So I think your point is made that for some people they are fetters.

    But it's pretty academic because those Buddhist groups that use rituals probably aren't going to give them up.image
  • Vince I will ask on my sangha forum if anyone knows of the ten fetters and if they are considered in Tibetan Buddhism.
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